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  1. Nanotechnology Programs at FDA

Selected FDA Publications Related to the Application, Characterization, Effects, and Evaluation of Nanotechnology

The FDA regulatory science program is completing work to foster the responsible development of FDA-regulated products that may contain nanomaterials or otherwise involve the application of nanotechnology. The program establishes the tools, methods, and data to assist in regulatory decision-making, while also providing in-house scientific expertise and capacity that is responsive to nanotechnology-related FDA-regulated products. The publications listed here reflect the scope of work being conducted in FDA laboratories and in collaboration with United States Government Agencies and academia.

 

Agrawal, A.; Pfefer, T. J.; Gilani, N.; Drezek, R. Three-dimensional characterization of optical coherence tomography point spread functions with a nanoparticle-embedded phantom. Opt. Lett 2010, 35 (13), 2269-2271.

Biris, A. R.; Mahmood, M.; Lazar, M. D.; Dervishi, E.; Watanabe, F.; Mustafa, T.; Baciut, G.; Baciut, M.; Bran, S.; Ali, S.; Biris, A. S. Novel Multicomponent and Biocompatible Nanocomposite Materials Based on Few-Layer Graphenes Synthesized on a Gold/Hydroxyapatite Catalytic System with Applications in Bone Regeneration. J. Phys. Chem. C 2011, 115 (39), 18967-18976.

Dong, J. L.; Song, L. N.; Yin, J. J.; He, W. W.; Wu, Y. H.; Gu, N.; Zhang, Y. Co3O4 Nanoparticles with Multi-Enzyme Activities and Their Application in Immunohistochemical Assay. Acs Applied Materials & Interfaces 2014, 6 (3), 1959-1970.

Duncan, T. V. Applications of nanotechnology in food packaging and food safety: barrier materials, antimicrobials and sensors. J Colloid. Interface. Sci 2011, 363 (1), 1-24.

Fan, J.; Yin, J. J.; Ning, B.; Wu, X.; Hu, Y.; Ferrari, M.; Anderson, G. J.; Wei, J.; Zhao, Y.; Nie, G. Direct evidence for catalase and peroxidase activities of ferritin-platinum nanoparticles. Biomaterials. 2011, 32 (6), 1611-1618.

Fan, Z.; Fu, P. P.; Yu, H.; Ray, P. C. Theranostic nanomedicine for cancer detection and treatment. Journal of Food and Drug Analysis 2014, 22 (1), 3-17.

Fu, P. P. Introduction to the Special Issue: Nanomaterials Toxicology and medical applications. Journal of Food and Drug Analysis 2014, 22 (1), 1-2.

He, W. W.; Liu, Y.; Yuan, J. S.; Yin, J. J.; Wu, X. C.; Hu, X. N.; Zhang, K.; Liu, J. B.; Chen, C. Y.; Ji, Y. L.; Guo, Y. T. Au@Pt nanostructures as oxidase and peroxidase mimetics for use in immunoassays. Biomaterials 2011, 32 (4), 1139-1147.

He, W.; Kim, H. K.; Wamer, W. G.; Melka, D.; Callahan, J. H.; Yin, J. J. Photogenerated Charge Carriers and Reactive Oxygen Species in ZnO/Au Hybrid Nanostructures with Enhanced Photocatalytic and Antibacterial Activity. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2013, 136 (2), 750-757.

Hong, J. S.; Stavis, S. M.; DePaoli Lacerda, S. H.; Locascio, L. E.; Raghavan, S. R.; Gaitan, M. Microfluidic directed self-assembly of liposome-hydrogel hybrid nanoparticles. Langmuir 2010, 26 (13), 11581-11588.

Jennings, T. L.; Becker-Catania, S. G.; Triulzi, R. C.; Tao, G.; Scott, B.; Sapsford, K. E.; Spindel, S.; Oh, E.; Jain, V.; Delehanty, J. B.; Prasuhn, D. E.; Boeneman, K.; Algar, W. R.; Medintz, I. L. Reactive semiconductor nanocrystals for chemoselective biolabeling and multiplexed analysis. ACS. Nano 2011, 5 (7), 5579-5593.

Kamikawa, T. L.; Mikolajczyk, M. G.; Kennedy, M.; Zhang, P.; Wang, W.; Scott, D. E.; Alocilja, E. C. Nanoparticle-based biosensor for the detection of emerging pandemic influenza strains. Biosens. Bioelectron. 2010, 26 (4), 1346-1352.

Kamikawa, T. L.; Mikolajczyk, M. G.; Kennedy, M.; Lilin, Z.; Pei, Z.; Setterington, E. B.; Scott, D. E.; Alocilja, E. C. Pandemic Influenza Detection by Electrically Active Magnetic Nanoparticles and Surface Plasmon Resonance. Nanotechnology, IEEE Transactions on 2012, 11 (1), 88-96.

Karanian, J. W.; Peregoy, J. A.; Chiesa, O. A.; Murray, T. L.; Ahn, C.; Pritchard, W. F. Efficiency of drug delivery to the coronary arteries in swine is dependent on the route of administration: assessment of luminal, intimal, and adventitial coronary artery and venous delivery methods. J Vasc. Interv. Radiol. 2010, 21 (10), 1555-1564.

Karmakar, A.; Iancu, C.; Bartos, D. M.; Mahmood, M. W.; Ghosh, A.; Xu, Y.; Dervishi, E.; Collom, S. L.; Khodakovskaya, M.; Mustafa, T.; Watanabe, F.; Biris, A. R.; Zhang, Y.; Ali, S. F.; Casciano, D.; Hassen, S.; Nima, Z.; Biris, A. S. Raman spectroscopy as a detection and analysis tool for in vitro specific targeting of pancreatic cancer cells by EGF-conjugated, single-walled carbon nanotubes. J Appl. Toxicol 2012, 32 (5), 365-375.

Liang, X. J.; Meng, H.; Wang, Y.; He, H.; Meng, J.; Lu, J.; Wang, P. C.; Zhao, Y.; Gao, X.; Sun, B.; Chen, C.; Xing, G.; Shen, D.; Gottesman, M. M.; Wu, Y.; Yin, J. J.; Jia, L. Metallofullerene nanoparticles circumvent tumor resistance to cisplatin by reactivating endocytosis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci U. S. A. 2010, 107 (16), 7449-7454.

Liu, J. B.; Hu, X. N.; Hou, S.; Wen, T.; Liu, W. Q.; Zhu, X.; Yin, J. J.; Wu, X. C. Au@Pt core/shell nanorods with peroxidase- and ascorbate oxidase-like activities for improved detection of glucose. Sensors and Actuators B-Chemical 2012, 166, 708-714.

Mahmood, M.; Xu, Y.; Dantuluri, V.; Mustafa, T.; Zhang, Y.; Karmakar, A.; Casciano, D.; Ali, S.; Biris, A. Carbon nanotubes enhance the internalization of drugs by cancer cells and decrease their chemoresistance to cytostatics. Nanotechnology. 2013,  24 (4), 045102.

Mossoba, M. M.; Al-Khaldi, S. F.; Schoen, B.; Yakes, B. J. Nanoparticle probes and mid-infrared chemical imaging for DNA microarray detection. Appl. Spectrosc. 2010, 64 (11), 1191-1198.

Mossoba, M. M.; Chizhikov, V.; Volokhov, D. V.; Martinez-Diaz, M. K.; Schoen, B.; Al-Khaldi, S. F. Identification of Mycoplasmas using a fluorophore-free microarray and infrared chemical imaging (IRCI). J Microbiol. Methods 2011, 86 (3), 383-386.

Narayan, R.; Goering, P. Laser micro- and nanofabrication of biomaterials. MRS Bulletin 2011, 36 (12), 973-982.

Ray, P. C.; Yu, H.; Fu, P. P. Nanogold-based sensing of environmental toxins: excitement and challenges. J Environ Sci Health C. Environ Carcinog. Ecotoxicol. Rev. 2011,  29 (1), 52-89.

Sapsford, K. E.; Spindel, S.; Jennings, T.; Tao, G.; Triulzi, R. C.; Algar, W. R.; Medintz, I. L. Optimizing two-color semiconductor nanocrystal immunoassays in single well microtiter plate formats. Sensors. (Basel. ) 2011, 11 (8), 7879-7891.

Sharma, H. S.; Ali, S. F.; Dong, W.; Tian, Z. R.; Patnaik, R.; Patnaik, S.; Sharma, A.; Boman, A.; Lek, P.; Seifert, E.; Lundstedt, T. Drug delivery to the spinal cord tagged with nanowire enhances neuroprotective efficacy and functional recovery following trauma to the rat spinal cord. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci 2007, 1122 , 197-218.

Sharma, H. S.; Ali, S. F.; Tian, Z. R.; Patnaik, R.; Patnaik, S.; Sharma, A.; Boman, A.; Lek, P.; Seifert, E.; Lundstedt, T. Nanowired-drug delivery enhances neuroprotective efficacy of compounds and reduces spinal cord edema formation and improves functional outcome following spinal cord injury in the rat. Acta Neurochir. Suppl. 2010, 106, 343-350.

Sun, S.; Yang, M.; Kostov, Y.; Rasooly, A. ELISA-LOC: lab-on-a-chip for enzyme-linked immunodetection. Lab. Chip.  2010, 10 (16), 2093-2100.

Tang, S.; Zhao, J.; Storhoff, J. J.; Norris, P. J.; Little, R. F.; Yarchoan, R.; Stramer, S. L.; Patno, T.; Domanus, M.; Dhar, A.; Mirkin, C. A.; Hewlett, I. K. Nanoparticle-Based biobarcode amplification assay (BCA) for sensitive and early detection of human immunodeficiency type 1 capsid (p24) antigen. J Acquir. Immune. Defic. Syndr. 2007, 46 (2), 231-237.

Tang, S.; Zhao, J.; Wang, A.; Viswanath, R.; Harma, H.; Little, R. F.; Yarchoan, R.; Stramer, S. L.; Nyambi, P. N.; Lee, S.; Wood, O.; Wong, E. Y.; Wang, X.; Hewlett, I. K. Characterization of immune responses to capsid protein p24 of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and implications for detection. Clin. Vaccine. Immunol. 2010, 17 (8), 1244-1251.

Tang, S.; Hewlett, I. Nanoparticle-based immunoassays for sensitive and early detection of HIV-1 capsid (p24) antigen. J Infect. Dis 2010, 201 Suppl 1, S59-S64.

Teeparuksapun, K.; Hedstrom, M.; Wong, E. Y.; Tang, S.; Hewlett, I. K.; Mattiasson, B. Ultrasensitive detection of HIV-1 p24 antigen using nanofunctionalized surfaces in a capacitive immunosensor. Anal. Chem  2010, 82 (20), 8406-8411.

Trickler, W. J.; Munt, D. J.; Jain, N.; Joshi, S. S.; Dash, A. K. Antitumor efficacy, tumor distribution and blood pharmacokinetics of chitosan/glyceryl-monooleate nanostructures containing paclitaxel. Nanomedicine. (Lond. ) 2011, 6 (3), 437-448.

Xu, Y.; Karmakar, A.; Heberlein, W. E.; Mustafa, T.; Biris, A. R.; Biris, A. S. Multifunctional magnetic nanoparticles for synergistic enhancement of cancer treatment by combinatorial radio frequency thermolysis and drug delivery. Adv. Healthc. Mater. 2012, 1 (4), 493-501.

Xu, Y.; Karmakar, A.; Wang, D.; Mahmood, M. W.; Watanabe, F.; Zhang, Y.; Fejleh, A.; Fejleh, P.; Li, Z.; Kannarpady, G.; Ali, S.; Biris, A. R.; Biris, A. S. Multifunctional Fe3O4 Cored Magnetic-Quantum Dot Fluorescent Nanocomposites for RF Nanohyperthermia of Cancer Cells. J. Phys. Chem. C 2010, 114 (11), 5020-5026.

Yang, M.; Kostov, Y.; Bruck, H. A.; Rasooly, A. Carbon nanotubes with enhanced chemiluminescence immunoassay for CCD-based detection of Staphylococcal enterotoxin B in food. Anal. Chem 2008, 80 (22), 8532-8537.

Yang, M.; Kostov, Y.; Bruck, H. A.; Rasooly, A. Gold nanoparticle-based enhanced chemiluminescence immunosensor for detection of Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B (SEB) in food. Int J Food Microbiol. 2009, 133 (3), 265-271.

Yang, M.; Bruck, H. A.; Kostov, Y.; Rasooly, A. Biological semiconductor based on electrical percolation. Anal. Chem 2010, 82 (9), 3567-3572.

Yang, M.; Sun, S.; Bruck, H. A.; Kostov, Y.; Rasooly, A. Electrical percolation-based biosensor for real-time direct detection of staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB). Biosens. Bioelectron. 2010, 25 (12), 2573-2578.

Yang, M.; Sun, S.; Kostov, Y.; Rasooly, A. Lab-On-a-Chip for carbon nanotubes based immunoassay detection of Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B (SEB). Lab Chip 2010, 10 (8), 1011-1017.

Yang, M.; Sun, S.; Bruck, H. A.; Kostov, Y.; Rasooly, A. Lab-on-a-chip for label free biological semiconductor analysis of staphylococcal enterotoxin B. Lab Chip 2010, 10 (19), 2534-2540.

Yang, M.; Sun, S.; Kostov, Y.; Rasooly, A. A simple 96 well microfluidic chip combined with visual and densitometry detection for resource-poor point of care testing. Sens. Actuators. B Chem 2011, 153 (1), 176-181.

Yin, J. J.; Lao, F.; Meng, J.; Fu, P. P.; Zhao, Y.; Xing, G.; Gao, X.; Sun, B.; Wang, P. C.; Chen, C.; Liang, X. J. Inhibition of tumor growth by endohedral metallofullerenol nanoparticles optimized as reactive oxygen species scavenger. Mol Pharmacol 2008, 74 (4), 1132-1140.

Yin, J. J.; Lao, F.; Fu, P. P.; Wamer, W. G.; Zhao, Y.; Wang, P. C.; Qiu, Y.; Sun, B.; Xing, G.; Dong, J.; Liang, X. J.; Chen, C. The scavenging of reactive oxygen species and the potential for cell protection by functionalized fullerene materials. Biomaterials. 2009, 30 (4), 611-621.

Zhang, K.; Hu, X.; Liu, J.; Yin, J. J.; Hou, S.; Wen, T.; He, W.; Ji, Y.; Guo, Y.; Wang, Q.; Wu, X. Formation of PdPt alloy nanodots on gold nanorods: tuning oxidase-like activities via composition. Langmuir  2011, 27 (6), 2796-2803.

Zhao, B.; Yin, J. J.; Bilski, P. J.; Chignell, C. F.; Roberts, J. E.; He, Y. Y. Enhanced photodynamic efficacy towards melanoma cells by encapsulation of Pc4 in silica nanoparticles. Toxicol Appl. Pharmacol 2009, 241 (2), 163-172.

Zhao, J.; Tang, S.; Storhoff, J.; Marla, S.; Bao, Y. P.; Wang, X.; Wong, E. Y.; Ragupathy, V.; Ye, Z.; Hewlett, I. K. Multiplexed, rapid detection of H5N1 using a PCR-free nanoparticle-based genomic microarray assay. BMC Biotechnol. 2010, 10, 74.

Zhao, K.; Zhang, L.; Wang, J.; Li, Q.; He, W.; Yin, J. J. Surface Structure-Dependent Molecular Oxygen Activation of BiOCl Single-Crystalline Nanosheets. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2013, 135 (42), 15750-15753.

Zidan, A. S.; Sammour, O. A.; Hammad, M. A.; Megrab, N. A.; Hussain, M. D.; Khan, M. A.; Habib, M. J. Formulation of anastrozole microparticles as biodegradable anticancer drug carriers. AAPS PharmSciTech 2006, 7 (3), 61.

Dair BJ; Tyner KM; Sapsford KE Techniques for the characterization of nanoparticle-bioconjugates. In Methods in Bioengineering: Nanoscale Bioengineering and Nanomedicine, Rege, K., Medintz, I. L., Eds.; Artech House: Norwood, MA, 2009.

Guha, S.; Pease, L. F., III; Brorson, K. A.; Tarlov, M. J.; Zachariah, M. R. Evaluation of electrospray differential mobility analysis for virus particle analysis: Potential applications for biomanufacturing. J Virol. Methods 2011, 178 (1-2), 201-208.

He, W. W.; Liu, Y. T.; Wamer, W. G.; Yin, J. J. Electron spin resonance spectroscopy for the study of nanomaterial-mediated generation of reactive oxygen species. Journal of Food and Drug Analysis 2014, 22 (1), 49-63.

Jun-Jie, Y.; Baozhong, Z.; Qingsu, X.; Peter, P. F. Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy for Studying the Generation and Scavenging of Reactive Oxygen Species by Nanomaterials. In Nanopharmaceutics, WORLD SCIENTIFIC: 2012; pp 375-400.

Keene, A.; Tyner, K. Analytical characterization of gold nanoparticle primary particles, aggregates, agglomerates, and agglomerated aggregates. J Nanopart Res 2011, 13 (8), 3465-3481.

Rahman, Z.; Zidan, A. S.; Khan, M. A. Non-destructive methods of characterization of risperidone solid lipid nanoparticles. Eur. J Pharm Biopharm. 2010, 76 (1), 127-137.

Sanchez-Pomales, G.; Mudalige, T. K.; Lim, J. H.; Linder, S. W. Rapid Determination of Silver in Nanobased Liquid Dietary Supplements Using a Portable X-ray Fluorescence Analyzer. J. Agric. Food Chem. 2013, 61 (30), 7250-7257.

Shah, R. B.; Yang, Y.; Khan, M. A.; Faustino, P. J. Molecular weight determination for colloidal iron by Taguchi optimized validated gel permeation chromatography. Int J Pharm 2008, 353 (1-2), 21-27.

Shah, R. B.; Yang, Y.; Khan, M. A.; Raw, A.; Yu, L. X.; Faustino, P. J. Pharmaceutical characterization and thermodynamic stability assessment of a colloidal iron drug product: iron sucrose. Int J Pharm 2014, 464 (1-2), 46-52.

Shah, R. B.; Zidan, A. S.; Funck, T.; Tawakkul, M. A.; Nguyenpho, A.; Khan, M. A. Quality by design: characterization of self-nano-emulsified drug delivery systems (SNEDDs) using ultrasonic resonator technology. Int J Pharm 2007, 341 (1-2), 189-194.

Tsai, D. H.; Delrio, F. W.; Keene, A. M.; Tyner, K. M.; Maccuspie, R. I.; Cho, T. J.; Zachariah, M. R.; Hackley, V. A. Adsorption and conformation of serum albumin protein on gold nanoparticles investigated using dimensional measurements and in situ spectroscopic methods. Langmuir. 2011, 27 (6), 2464-2477.

Tsai, D. H.; Elzey, S.; Delrio, F. W.; Keene, A. M.; Tyner, K. M.; Clogston, J. D.; Maccuspie, R. I.; Guha, S.; Zachariah, M. R.; Hackley, V. A. Tumor necrosis factor interaction with gold nanoparticles. Nanoscale. 2012, 4 (10), 3208-3217.

Tyner, K. M.; Wokovich, A. M.; Doub, W. H.; Buhse, L. F.; Sung, L. P.; Watson, S. S.; Sadrieh, N. Comparing methods for detecting and characterizing metal oxide nanoparticles in unmodified commercial sunscreens. Nanomedicine (Lond. ) 2009, 4 (2), 145-159.

Zidan, A. S.; Rahman, Z.; Habib, M. J.; Khan, M. A. Spectral and spatial characterization of protein loaded PLGA nanoparticles. J Pharm Sci 2010, 99 (3), 1180-1192.

Zook, J. M.; Rastogi, V.; Maccuspie, R. I.; Keene, A. M.; Fagan, J. Measuring agglomerate size distribution and dependence of localized surface plasmon resonance absorbance on gold nanoparticle agglomerate size using analytical ultracentrifugation. ACS. Nano 2011, 5 (10), 8070-8079.

Austin, C. A.; Umbreit, T. H.; Brown, K. M.; Barber, D. S.; Dair, B. J.; Francke-Carroll, S.; Feswick, A.; Saint-Louis, M. A.; Hikawa, H.; Siebein, K. N.; Goering, P. L. Distribution of silver nanoparticles in pregnant mice and developing embryos. Nanotoxicology. 2012, 6, 912-922.

Butler, K. S.; Casey, B. J.; Garborcauskas, G. V. M.; Dair, B. J.; Elespuru, R. K. Assessment of titanium dioxide nanoparticle effects in bacteria: Association, uptake, mutagenicity, co-mutagenicity and DNA repair inhibition. Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis 2014, 768 (0), 14-22.

Chen, T.; Yan, J.; Li, Y. Genotoxicity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles. Journal of Food and Drug Analysis 2014, 22 (1), 95-104.

Chiang, H. M.; Xia, Q.; Zou, X.; Wang, C.; Wang, S.; Miller, B. J.; Howard, P. C.; Yin, J. J.; Beland, F. A.; Yu, H.; Fu, P. P. Nanoscale ZnO induces cytotoxicity and DNA damage in human cell lines and rat primary neuronal cells. J Nanosci. Nanotechnol. 2012, 12 (3), 2126-2135.

Choi, J.; Zhang, Q.; Reipa, V.; Wang, N. S.; Stratmeyer, M. E.; Hitchins, V. M.; Goering, P. L. Comparison of cytotoxic and inflammatory responses of photoluminescent silicon nanoparticles with silicon micron-sized particles in RAW 264.7 macrophages. J Appl. Toxicol 2009, 29 (1), 52-60.

Choi, J.; Reipa, V.; Hitchins, V. M.; Goering, P. L.; Malinauskas, R. A. Physicochemical characterization and in vitro hemolysis evaluation of silver nanoparticles. Toxicol Sci 2011, 123 (1), 133-143.

De Paoli, S. H.; Diduch, L. L.; Tegegn, T. Z.; Orecna, M.; Strader, M. B.; Karnaukhova, E.; Bonevich, J. E.; Holada, K.; Simak, J. The effect of protein corona composition on the interaction of carbon nanotubes with human blood platelets. Biomaterials 2014, 35 (24), 6182-6194.

Dobrovolskaia, M. A.; Patri, A. K.; Simak, J.; Hall, J. B.; Semberova, J.; De Paoli Lacerda, S. H.; Mcneil, S. E. Nanoparticle size and surface charge determine effects of PAMAM dendrimers on human platelets in vitro.  Mol Pharm 2012, 9 (3), 382-393.

Fu, P. P.; Xia, Q.; Hwang, H. M.; Ray, P. C.; Yu, H. Mechanisms of nanotoxicity: Generation of reactive oxygen species. Journal of Food and Drug Analysis 2014, 22 (1), 64-75.

Gao, Y.; Gopee, N. V.; Howard, P. C.; Yu, L. R. Proteomic analysis of early response lymph node proteins in mice treated with titanium dioxide nanoparticles. J Proteomics. 2011, 74 (12), 2745-2759.

Ge, C. C.; Li, Y.; Yin, J. J.; Liu, Y.; Wang, L. M.; Zhao, Y. L.; Chen, C. Y. The contributions of metal impurities and tube structure to the toxicity of carbon nanotube materials. Npg Asia Materials 2012, 4.

Gelderman-Fuhrmann, M. P.; Simakova, O.; Carter, L. B.; Simak, J. Evaluation of immunophenotypes and activities of cell membrane microparticles in apheresis platelets: Impact of seven day storage. Blood 2005, 106 (11), 537A-538A.

Gelderman-Fuhrmann, M. P.; Schiffmann, R.; Simak, J. Elevated counts of circulating endothelial microparticles in pediatric Fabry patients decreased after enzyme replacement therapy. Blood 2006, 108 (11), 515A.

Gelderman, M. P.; Carter, L. B.; Simak, J. High counts of potentially pathogenic cell membrane microparticles in Apheresis platelets. Blood 2004, 104 (11), 988A-989A.

Gelderman, M. P.; Simakova, O.; Clogston, J. D.; Patri, A. K.; Siddiqui, S. F.; Vostal, A. C.; Simak, J. Adverse effects of fullerenes on endothelial cells: fullerenol C60(OH)24 induced tissue factor and ICAM-I membrane expression and apoptosis in vitro. Int J Nanomedicine. 2008, 3 (1), 59-68.

Genter, M. B.; Newman, N. C.; Shertzer, H. G.; Ali, S. F.; Bolon, B. Distribution and systemic effects of intranasally administered 25 nm silver nanoparticles in adult mice. Toxicol Pathol 2012, 40 (7), 1004-1013.

Gonzalez, C.; Salazar-Garcia, S.; Palestino, G.; Martinez-Cuevas, P. P.; Ramirez-Lee, M. A.; Jurado-Manzano, B. B.; Rosas-Hernandez, H.; Gaytan-Pacheco, N.; Martel, G.; Espinosa-Tanguma, R.; Biris, A. S.; Ali, S. F. Effect of 45 nm silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) upon the smooth muscle of rat trachea: role of nitric oxide. Toxicol Lett. 2011, 207 (3), 306-313.

Gopee, N. V.; Roberts, D. W.; Webb, P.; Cozart, C. R.; Siitonen, P. H.; Warbritton, A. R.; Yu, W. W.; Colvin, V. L.; Walker, N. J.; Howard, P. C. Migration of intradermally injected quantum dots to sentinel organs in mice. Toxicol Sci 2007, 98 (1), 249-257.

Gopee, N. V.; Roberts, D. W.; Webb, P.; Cozart, C. R.; Siitonen, P. H.; Latendresse, J. R.; Warbitton, A. R.; Yu, W. W.; Colvin, V. L.; Walker, N. J.; Howard, P. C. Quantitative determination of skin penetration of PEG-coated CdSe quantum dots in dermabraded but not intact SKH-1 hairless mouse skin. Toxicol Sci 2009, 111 (1), 37-48.

He, W.; Zhou, Y. T.; Wamer, W. G.; Hu, X.; Wu, X.; Zheng, Z.; Boudreau, M. D.; Yin, J. J. Intrinsic catalytic activity of Au nanoparticles with respect to hydrogen peroxide decomposition and superoxide scavenging. Biomaterials. 2013, 34 (3), 765-773.

He, W. W.; Zhou, Y. T.; Wamer, W. G.; Boudreau, M. D.; Yin, J. J. Mechanisms of the pH dependent generation of hydroxyl radicals and oxygen induced by Ag nanoparticles. Biomaterials 2012, 33 (30), 7547-7555.

Hunt, P. R.; Marquis, B. J.; Tyner, K. M.; Conklin, S.; Olejnik, N.; Nelson, B. C.; Sprando, R. L. Nanosilver suppresses growth and induces oxidative damage to DNA in Caenorhabditis elegans. J. Appl. Toxicol. 2013, 33 (10), 1131-1142.

Hussain, S. M.; Javorina, A. K.; Schrand, A. M.; Duhart, H. M.; Ali, S. F.; Schlager, J. J. The interaction of manganese nanoparticles with PC-12 cells induces dopamine depletion. Toxicol Sci 2006, 92 (2), 456-463.

Keene, A. M.; Allaway, R. J.; Sadrieh, N.; Tyner, K. M. Gold nanoparticle trafficking of typically excluded compounds across the cell membrane in JB6 Cl 41-5a cells causes assay interference. Nanotoxicology.  2011, 5 (4), 469-478.

Keene, A. M.; Peters, D.; Rouse, R.; Stewart, S.; Rosen, E. T.; Tyner, K. M. Tissue and cellular distribution of gold nanoparticles varies based on aggregation/agglomeration status. Nanomedicine. (Lond. ) 2012, 7 (2), 199-209.

Lacerda, S. H.; Park, J. J.; Meuse, C.; Pristinski, D.; Becker, M. L.; Karim, A.; Douglas, J. F. Interaction of gold nanoparticles with common human blood proteins. ACS. Nano 2010, 4 (1), 365-379.

Lacerda, S. H.; Semberova, J.; Holada, K.; Simakova, O.; Simak, J. Carbon Nanotubes Activate Store Operated Calcium Entry (SOCE) In Human Platelets Manifested by STIM1 Capping. Blood 2010, 116 (21), 1311.

Lacerda, S. H.; Semberova, J.; Holada, K.; Simakova, O.; Hudson, S. D.; Simak, J. Carbon nanotubes activate store-operated calcium entry in human blood platelets. ACS. Nano 2011, 5 (7), 5808-5813.

Li, M.; Yin, J. J.; Wamer, W. G.; Lo, Y. M. Mechanistic characterization of titanium dioxide nanoparticle-induced toxicity using electron spin resonance. Journal of Food and Drug Analysis 2014, 22 (1), 76-85.

Li, Y.; Bhalli, J. A.; Ding, W.; Yan, J.; Pearce, M. G.; Sadiq, R.; Cunningham, C. K.; Jones, M. Y.; Monroe, W. A.; Howard, P. C.; Zhou, T.; Chen, T. Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity assessment of silver nanoparticles in mouse. Nanotoxicology. 2014, 8 Suppl 1, 36-45.

Li, Y.; Chen, D. H.; Yan, J.; Chen, Y.; Mittelstaedt, R. A.; Zhang, Y.; Biris, A. S.; Heflich, R. H.; Chen, T. Genotoxicity of silver nanoparticles evaluated using the Ames test and in vitro micronucleus assay. Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis 2012, 745 (1-2), 4-10.

Ma, X. W.; Zhang, L. H.; Wang, L. R.; Xue, X.; Sun, J. H.; Wu, Y.; Zou, G. Z.; Wu, X.; Wang, P. C.; Wamer, W. G.; Yin, J. J.; Zheng, K. Y.; Liang, X. J. Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Alter Cytochrome c Electron Transfer and Modulate Mitochondrial Function. ACS. Nano 2012, 6 (12), 10486-10496.

Mahmood, M.; Li, Z.; Casciano, D.; Khodakovskaya, M. V.; Chen, T.; Karmakar, A.; Dervishi, E.; Xu, Y.; Mustafa, T.; Watanabe, F.; Fejleh, A.; Whitlow, M.; Al-Adami, M.; Ghosh, A.; Biris, A. S. Nanostructural materials increase mineralization in bone cells and affect gene expression through miRNA regulation. J Cell. Mol Med 2011, 15 (11), 2297-2306.

Mei, N.; Zhang, Y.; Chen, Y.; Guo, X.; Ding, W.; Ali, S. F.; Biris, A. S.; Rice, P.; Moore, M. M.; Chen, T. Silver nanoparticle-induced mutations and oxidative stress in mouse lymphoma cells. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 2012, 53 (6), 409-419.

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