DRUGS

Pediatrics List Organized by Indication

DRUGS	LABELED INDICATION	PEDIATRIC SUBSECTION	PEDIATRIC DOSING
Diazoxide	Short term BP reduction for severe, non-malignant and malignant hypertension	None	None
Digoxin Injectable	Heart Failure Atrial Fibrillation	Labeled S&E for Heart Failure in premature infants, infants and children only	Heart Failure: Digitalizing and Maintence Recommenda- Tions For premature Babies to Children
Dopamine	Correction of hemodynamic imbalances in shock after MI, traum, endotoxic septicemia, surgery and renal failure Correction of imbalances in conditions of chronic refractory cardiac decompensation	S&E not established	None
Dobutamine	Short-term inotropic support Trials not >48hrs of use	No S&E studies	None
Nitroprusside	Immediate Reduction of BP in hypertensive crises Producing controlled hypotension in order to reduce bleeding Acute congestive heart failure	None	None

Lorazapam Injectable	Status Epilepticus Preanesthetic	Status Epilepticus No safety studies in children Preanesthetic No efficacy in children	None
Lorazepam Capsules	Anxiety disorders Short-term relief of anxiety Anxiety ass’t with depressive Symptoms	S&E not <12years	None
Amphetamine/Dextroamphetamine tablets/capsules	Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity	Long Term Effects NOT studies
Valproate Injectable	In place of oral administration Monotherapy and adjunctive therapy tx Complex partial seizures Simple and complex absence seizure Multiple seizure types inc absence seizure	No S&E in Children	Dosage only Complex Partial Seizures : For adults and children 10 years of age or older.
Bupropion	Depression	<18 has not been established	Studied in 104 children age 6-16
Promethazine	Ameliorate allergic reaction to blood or plasma In Anaphylaxis as adjunct to epinephrine and other standard measures Uncomplicated allergic condition in place oral therapy Sedation/relief apprehension Active tx of motion sickness Prevention and control N/V with anesthesia and surgery Adjunct to analgesics for control postop pain Preop, postop, and obstetric sedation IV in special surgical situation	S&E in <2years not established	the dosage should not exceed half that of the suggested adult dose. As an adjunct to premedication, the suggested dose is 0.5 mg per lb. of body weight
Metaproterenol	Bronchodilator for bronchial asthma and reversible bronchospasm	No S&E <6years for inhalation solution and <12years for inhalation	>12years 2-3 inhalations q 3-4hrs
Terbutaline Ampules	Prevention and reversal of bronchospasm	>=12years	None
Acyclovir Suspension, Capsules, Tablets	Herpes Zoster Genital Herpes Chickenpox	No S&E <2yrs	2 trials, 20 mg/kg 4 times daily (up to 3200 mg per day) for 5 days 3^rd trial, doses of 10, 15, or 20 mg/kg were administered 4 times daily for 5 to 7 days
Acyclovir Ointment	Initial herpes genitalis limited nonlife-threatening mucocutaneous Herpes simplex virus in immuno-compromised	None	None
Ampicillin	Respiratory Tract Infections caused by S. pneumoniae, Staph. Aureus, H. Influ., and Group A beta-hemolytic streptococci Bacterial Meningitis caused by E. coli, Group B. Streptococci and other Gram-negative bacteria (Listeria monocytoenes, N. meningitidis) Septicemia and Endocardititis caused by susceptible Gram-positive organisms indluding Streptococcus sp., penicillin G-suspeptible staphylococci, and enterococci. Gram-negative sepsis caused by E. coli, Proteus mirabilis and Salmonella. Endocarditis due to enterococcal strains UTI caused by sensitive strains of E. coli and Proteus mirabilis GI Infections caused by Salmonella typhosa, other Salmonella sp., and Shigella sp.	Resp Tract and Soft Tissues: >1month GI/GU Children and Adults Bacterial Meningitis Children and Adults	Resp Trat and Soft Tissues: <40kg: 25-50 mg/kg/day div q6-8hrs GI/GU <40kg: 50mg/kg/day div q6-8hrs >40kg: 500mg q6-8hrs Bacterial Meningitis children and adults: 150- 200mg/kg/day Septicemia Children and adults: 150-200 mg/kg/day
Metronidazole	Gram- positive anaerobes: Clostridum, Eubacterium, Peptococcus niger, Pepto-streptococcus Gram-neg anaerobes: Bacteroides frag group, Fusobacterium species, Prevotella speciies, Porphyromonas speciies Protozoal parasites: Entamoeba histolytica, Trichomonas vaginalis	None established	None
Azithromycin	Community-acquired pneumonia due to Chlamydia pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Legionella, Moraxella catarrhalis, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, or Streptococcus pneumoniae in patients who require initial intravenous therapy. Pelvic inflammatory disease due to Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, or Mycoplasma	AOM: no S&E<6mo Community Acquired Pneumonia: no S&E<6mo Pharyngitis/Tonsillitis: no S&E<2 years	AOM: 30mg/kg Community Acquired Pneumonia: 10mg/kg d1-> 5mg/kg d2-5 Pharyngitis/Tonsillitis: 12mg/kg d1-5
Cimetidine	Short term tx active duodenal ulcer Maintenance therapy for duodenal ulcer Short-term tx of active benign gastric ulcer Erosive GERD Prevention UGI bleeding in critically ill patients Tx pathological hypersecretion	Not recommended children <16years	Limited Clinical Experience doses 20-40mg/kg/day
Metoclopramide	Symptomatic GE Reflux Diabetic Gastroparesis Prevention N/V ass’t w/chemo Prevention post-op N/V Small Bowel intubation Radiologic Exam	No S&E in children Except in small bowel intubation	The recommended single dose is: Pediatric patients above 14 years of age and adults--10 mg metoclopramide base. Pediatric patients (6-14 years of age)--2.5 to 5 mg metoclopramide base; (under 6 years of age)--0.1 mg/kg metoclopramide b
Auralgan	In AOM: pair and inflammation reduction in congestive and serious stages adjuvant therapy w/systemic antibiotics	None	None

S&E = Safety and Efficacy

Compiled by Susannah Olnes, Medical Officer, OPDDPI, Pediatrics Team